A study suggests atoms can bond not only with electrons in their outer shells, but also via those in their supposedly sacrosanct inner shells Most of us learned in high school chemistry class that ...

A newly developed laser technology has enabled physicists to generate attosecond bursts of high-energy photons of unprecedented intensity. This has made it possible to observe the interaction of ...

Hollow atoms are special atoms with multiple missing electrons in their inner shells, while their outer shells are still fully or partially filled with electrons. Studying the production mechanisms, ...